June begins with the celebration of International Children’s Day. A date that in Cuba, although commemorated this year amidst serious economic difficulties and a complex electricity situation. It reaffirms the political will of the State and civil society. To promote the healthy growth and well-being of children and adolescents.
The country currently faces significant challenges in maintaining progress in the protection of children and adolescents. With the resilience of families persists in preserving, despite adversity, the joy of the youngest members of the household.
Moreover there are now fewer resources available to provide quality medical care. Unfortunately, some health indicators show a sustained decline such as the infant mortality rate. Which rose from 4.0 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2018 to 9.9 per 1,000 in 2025. Nevertheless, the Cuban public health system, with its universal coverage, maintains the vitality of its vaccination programs. And its policy of maternal and child health prevention and follow-up.
The difficult socioeconomic scenario in Cuba, with multiple limitations on national production and severe restrictions stemming from the tightening of the US embargo. Undoubtedly affects access to basic products and services for child development.
It is undeniable that rampant inflation and the low incomes of most families negatively impact children’s balanced diets. Likewise, prolonged power outages have adverse consequences for children’s sleep and emotional well-being.
However, despite this reality, the Government, with considerable effort. It maintains social policies promoting equal educational opportunities and prioritizes care for the most vulnerable children.
Protecting the youngest members of society is not a matter of chance. The Convention on the Rights of the Child entered into force in Cuba on September 20th, 1991. Thus enshrining the rights of children and adolescents in law.
The current Cuban Constitution, in Article 86, establishes the obligation of the State, society, and families to provide special protection to children and adolescents. Also to guarantee their harmonious and comprehensive development.
So the Constitution also establishes the best interests of the child in decisions and actions that concern them. It protects them against all forms of violence. Furthermore, the Code for Children, Adolescents, and Youth (Law 178/2025) constitutes another solid and inclusive legal framework for the benefit of new generations.
Ensuring the protection of children and the satisfaction of their essential needs. Despite limited resources, is a collective commitment.
Even amidst adverse economic conditions, Cuba strives to create healthy and supportive environments. For the comprehensive development of children and adolescents and takes action to reduce poverty and inequalities. Guaranteeing a safe, nurturing, and inclusive environment.
However, greater attention must still be paid to situations that affect children’s well-being in dysfunctional families with risky habits and behaviors. We must emphasize the prevention of teenage pregnancy and be more vigilant regarding excessive internet and social media use. Also signs of bullying, violent behavior, or even the slightest indication of drug use.
It is only right to acknowledge Cuba’s progress in fulfilling children’s rights. As well as the challenges of overcoming the barriers imposed by the current reality.
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